Two-rowed barley, a kind of barley used for making beer, germinates under conditions of certain temperature and saturated air with water. When the sprout grows up to certain size, it is dried and its root is cut. This is called malt.
Saccharides in malt are easily dissolved and can be extracted in water while those in barley are not extracted in water. That is why barley is processed into malt. When making beer, malt is used after milling so that the saccharides can be dissolved in water.
The different varieties and tastes of beers depend on the different kinds, mix proportioning and mix method of various malts. Barley should be rich in starch, contain a suitable protein, and have light straw color and be glossy.
Hop is a kind of bindweeds. The hops used in making beer are obtained from the female flower of the woodbine. Hop is a raw material, which gives beer its characteristic odor and slightly bitter taste. It also helps beer keep for a long time preventing the spoilage of beer by maintaining bubbles. The female flower of the woodbine is picked in mid of August and dried for use. After preparing malt juice, adding hop into it and boiling it creates wort. Yeast is then added into the wort and the mixture is fermented.
The rest consists of cellulose and other materials unimportant for beer production